The hydrogen atom, made up of one proton and one electron, is the simplest and m...
The Zeeman and Paschen-Back effects describe how magnetic fields split atomic sp...
Alkali-type spectra arise from atoms with a single outer electron—like Li, Na, a...
Discover how fine structure in the hydrogen atom arises from relativistic effect...
Explore how Raman spectroscopy reveals pure rotational and vibrational spectra o...
